Photo AI
Examine the map opposite and answer each of the following questions - Junior Cycle Geography - Question 1 - 2015
Question 1
Examine the map opposite and answer each of the following questions. (i) Explain what is meant by the term epicentre. (ii) Explain why the effects of the earthquak... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Examine the map opposite and answer each of the following questions - Junior Cycle Geography - Question 1 - 2015
Step 1
Explain what is meant by the term epicentre.
Answer
The epicentre is defined as the point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake. The focus, or hypocentre, is where the seismic waves originate, and it lies beneath the Earth's surface. The epicentre is significant as it often experiences the strongest shaking and damage during an earthquake.
Step 2
Explain why the effects of the earthquake were greater in Christchurch than in Wellington.
Answer
The effects of the earthquake were greater in Christchurch than in Wellington due to several factors. Firstly, Christchurch was located closer to the epicentre, which means it experienced stronger seismic waves. Secondly, the geological conditions in Christchurch may have contributed to increased ground shaking, such as softer soil that amplifies seismic waves compared to the more stable ground in Wellington. Finally, the urban infrastructure and building standards in Christchurch may not have been as robust as those in Wellington, leading to greater damage.
Step 3
Describe two ways to reduce the impact of earthquakes.
Answer
-
Building Codes and Regulations: Implementing strict building codes that ensure structures are designed to withstand seismic forces can significantly reduce damage and casualties during an earthquake. This includes using flexible materials and reinforced foundations.
-
Earthquake Preparedness Programs: Educating the public about earthquake preparedness through drills, emergency kits, and evacuation plans can minimize panic and ensure a quick response during an earthquake, thereby reducing injuries and loss of life.