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Describe and explain three reasons why the location of Britain's iron and steel industry has changed over time. - Junior Cycle Geography - Question C - 2016
Question C
Describe and explain three reasons why the location of Britain's iron and steel industry has changed over time.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Describe and explain three reasons why the location of Britain's iron and steel industry has changed over time. - Junior Cycle Geography - Question C - 2016
Step 1
Reason 1: Availability of Raw Materials
Answer
The initial location of Britain's iron and steel industry was heavily influenced by the proximity to raw materials such as coal and iron ore. In the early stages of industrialization, these resources were concentrated in regions like South Wales and the Midlands, facilitating easy and cost-effective production. However, as technology advanced and transportation improved, industries began relocating closer to ports for importing raw materials, diminishing the importance of local resource availability.
Step 2
Reason 2: Changes in Transportation Networks
Answer
The development of railways and the expansion of shipping capabilities significantly impacted the location of iron and steel industries. As rail networks grew, it became cheaper and more efficient to transport raw materials and finished products. Consequently, industries migrated towards locations with better transport links, like the Mersey and Humber estuaries, enabling broader market access and cost reductions in logistics.
Step 3
Reason 3: Economic Factors and Labor Availability
Answer
Economic changes and labor availability have also influenced the relocation of the iron and steel industry. The decline of traditional manufacturing in certain regions led to a surplus of labor in those areas. Additionally, companies sought to reduce production costs, leading to a shift towards regions with lower wages and operational costs. This trend can be seen in the movement of industries from the traditional areas in the North of England to more economically viable locations.