'Obesity is the most common nutritional disorder in the world.' (Irish Heart Foundation) (a) List three possible causes of obesity - Junior Cycle Home Economics - Question 2 - 2016

Obesity is linked to several health issues, including:

1. Heart disease: Increased risk of conditions like coronary artery disease.
2. High blood pressure: More strain on the heart leading to hypertension.
3. Stroke: Higher likelihood of strokes due to related cardiovascular problems.
4. Diabetes: Greater risk for Type 2 diabetes due to insulin resistance.
5. Varicose veins: Poor circulation may lead to this condition.
6. Limb and joint immobility: Extra weight affects mobility.
7. Poor self-image and depression: Psychological effects from societal pressures.

1. Allow for a shopping point: Ensure you keep track of expenses.
2. Create balanced meals: Include foods from all four food groups, utilizing low sugar, low salt, high fiber options.
3. Focus on fresh produce: Incorporate fresh fruits and vegetables while limiting processed foods.
4. Use appropriate cooking methods: Opt for healthy cooking methods like steaming or grilling.
5. Cater to dietary restrictions: Be aware of individual needs (e.g., vegan, coeliac).
6. Use seasonal ingredients: Incorporate foods that are in season for freshness and cost-effectiveness.

Breakfast:

• Whole grain toast with avocado and poached eggs.
• A side of mixed berries.

Lunch:

• Grilled chicken salad with a variety of vegetables and a vinaigrette dressing.
• Whole grain wrap.

Dinner:

• Baked salmon with quinoa and steamed broccoli.

Snacks:

• Greek yogurt with honey.
• Sliced fruits like apples or bananas.

Format: Ensure each meal consists of a balanced variety of food groups.

1. Nutrition: The menu is designed to provide essential nutrients from different food groups, supporting overall health.
2. Occasion and season: Selected ingredients align with seasonal availability for freshness.
3. Time available: The meals can be prepared within reasonable time limits.
4. Dietary restrictions: It caters to common dietary needs while ensuring inclusivity for various preferences.
5. Likes/dislikes: The menu considers family preferences to encourage enjoyment at mealtimes.

Displaying calorie counts raises awareness of caloric intake, helping individuals track their consumption. This practice may promote healthier eating habits and assist in weight management by informing diners of their choices, ultimately leading to better health outcomes and reduced risk of obesity-related issues.