Name the parts of the skin labelled 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 - Junior Cycle Home Economics - Question 4 - 2009

The skin performs several essential functions:

1. Acts as a protection layer: It acts as the first line of defense against pathogens and harmful substances.
2. Excretory organ: The skin helps in the removal of sweat, which contains waste products from the body.
3. Temperature control: The skin regulates body temperature, maintaining it around 37°C through sweating and blood flow.
4. Organ of touch: It contains various sensory receptors that allow us to perceive sensations such as cold, pain, and pressure.
5. Vitamin D synthesis: When exposed to sunlight, the skin synthesizes vitamin D, essential for various bodily functions.

To promote healthy skin, teenagers should follow these guidelines:

1. Wash body daily: Regular bathing helps in keeping the skin clean.
2. Wash hands regularly: Frequent hand washing reduces the risk of skin infections.
3. Use warm water and soap: Using warm water along with soap creates a friction that helps in effective washing.
4. Change underwear every day: This practice helps maintain hygiene and prevent irritation or infections.
5. Avoid touching spots: Keeping hands away from the face reduces the transfer of oils and dirt.
6. Wash hair regularly: Maintaining clean hair can help prevent scalp issues.
7. Cleanse, tone, and moisturise the face: Following a skincare routine will help in maintaining skin health.

Teenagers should adhere to these special guidelines for foot and toenail care:

1. Wash feet daily with soap and warm water: This helps keep feet clean and free from odor.
2. Dry feet thoroughly: Proper drying prevents fungal infections.
3. Wear well-fitting shoes: Good footwear ensures comfort and prevents blisters.
4. Change socks/hosiery every day: Fresh socks help maintain hygiene and dryness.
5. Keep toenails clean and short: Regular trimming prevents pain and infections.
6. Cut toenails straight across: This practice helps avoid ingrown toenails.