VAT in Ireland is charged at different rates on different items - Junior Cycle Mathematics - Question 7 - 2014

The VAT rate for bulls is 4.8%. To find the VAT amount:

$0.048 imes 1600 = 76.80$

Adding this VAT to the original price gives:

$1600 + 76.80 = 1676.80$

Thus, the cost of the bull after VAT is added is €1676.80.

The VAT rate for newspapers is 9%. If the newspaper costs €2.18 after VAT, we can calculate the pre-VAT price as follows:

Let the cost before VAT be represented by x. Then,

$x + 0.09x = 2.18$

Simplifying gives:

$1.09x = 2.18$

Solving for x yields:

$x = \frac{2.18}{1.09} = 2.00$

Thus, the cost of the newspaper before VAT is €2.00.