Energy exists in many forms - Junior Cycle Science - Question 15 - 2022
Question 15
Energy exists in many forms. The energy stored by an object due to its position or shape is called potential energy. The energy of an object due to its motion is cal... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Energy exists in many forms - Junior Cycle Science - Question 15 - 2022
Step 1
Identify a position where the person has least kinetic energy.
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Answer
The person has least kinetic energy at Position 1 or Position 3, as they are at the stationary points in the jump.
Step 2
Identify a position where the trampoline has its greatest potential energy.
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Answer
The trampoline has its greatest potential energy at Position 1, where the person is at maximum height.
Step 3
Name a force responsible for the motion of the person in position 4.
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The force responsible for the motion of the person in position 4 is gravity, which pulls the person down towards the ground.
Step 4
Describe one possible source of heat energy.
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One possible source of heat energy is friction between the person’s body and the trampoline, as well as respiration due to physical exertion.
Step 5
Draw a line graph of force against extension for each spring.
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For graphing spring P and Q, plot the force on the x-axis and extension on the y-axis. Each point corresponds to the values given in the table with a continuous line drawn through them.
Step 6
State two valid conclusions supported by the graphs you have drawn.
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Spring Q has a larger extension for the same force compared to Spring P, indicating that it is less stiff.
Both springs show a linear relationship between force and extension within the elastic limit.
Step 7
Calculate the total length of Spring Q when a force of 1.25 N is applied.
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The extension of Spring Q when a force of 1.25 N is applied is approximately 3.0 cm. Therefore, the total length of Spring Q is 11 cm + 3.0 cm = 14 cm.
Step 8
Explain the underlined terms: mass and weight.
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Mass is the amount of matter in an object, measured in kilograms. Weight is the force acting on an object due to gravity, calculated as the product of mass and gravitational acceleration (approximately 9.81 m/s² on Earth). For a mass of 128 g converted to kg is 0.128 kg, and weight = mass × gravity = 0.128 kg × 9.81 m/s² ≈ 1.25 N.
Step 9
Which spring, P or Q, stores more energy when it is stretched by 3 cm?
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Spring Q stores more energy when stretched by 3 cm because it has a larger extension for the same force, indicating it has a larger elastic potential energy stored when stretched.
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