The diagram illustrates the organisation of genetic information within human cells - Junior Cycle Science - Question 12 - 2022
Question 12
The diagram illustrates the organisation of genetic information within human cells. Some of the labels are missing.
(a) Use each of the words listed below to comple... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram illustrates the organisation of genetic information within human cells - Junior Cycle Science - Question 12 - 2022
Step 1
Use each of the words listed below to complete the labels on the diagram above.
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Answer
The labels in the diagram should be completed as follows:
Nucleus: The control center of the cell where the genetic material is stored.
Cell: The basic unit of life that contains the nucleus, chromosomes, and DNA.
Chromosome: Structures within the cell that carry genetic information.
DNA: The molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms.
Gene: A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for producing a specific protein.
Step 2
Name an instrument which could be used in the laboratory to view human cells.
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Answer
A microscope is the instrument used in laboratories to view human cells.
Step 3
How many chromosomes are present in a human sperm cell?
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Answer
The correct answer is 23 chromosomes, which represent half the number of chromosomes in a normal human cell.
Step 4
How many chromosomes should be present in the resulting zygote?
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Answer
The resulting zygote should have 46 chromosomes, as it is formed by the union of a sperm cell and an egg cell, each contributing 23 chromosomes.
Step 5
Complete the table by writing the two possible genotypes of the offspring that could result from this cross.
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The possible genotypes of the offspring are Bb (black coat) and bb (white coat).
Step 6
What is the probability of the offspring having a black coat?
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The probability of the offspring having a black coat is 50%.
Step 7
If a different male dog, with genotype BB, was bred with the same female dog, what would be the probability of their offspring having a black coat?
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The probability of the offspring having a black coat would be 100%, as all offspring would have the genotype Bb.
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