An atom of sodium has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23 - Junior Cycle Science - Question (b) - 2018
Question (b)
An atom of sodium has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23.
(i) How many protons does this atom contain?
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(ii) How many neutr... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:An atom of sodium has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23 - Junior Cycle Science - Question (b) - 2018
Step 1
How many protons does this atom contain?
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Answer
Sodium has an atomic number of 11, which means it has 11 protons.
Step 2
How many neutrons does this atom contain?
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Answer
To find the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the mass number:
23−11=12.
Thus, sodium contains 12 neutrons.
Step 3
Complete the diagram below, drawing all the electrons on the Bohr structure for this sodium atom.
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For the Bohr model of sodium, there should be:
2 electrons in the first shell, which is already drawn.
8 electrons in the second shell.
1 electron in the third shell.
The completed diagram will have 2 in the first shell, 8 in the second, and 1 in the third.
Step 4
Name the Group of the Periodic Table to which sodium belongs.
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Sodium belongs to the Group of alkali metals.
Step 5
What type of bond does sodium form with chlorine?
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Answer
Sodium forms an ionic bond with chlorine.
Step 6
Why is sodium usually stored in a jar of oil, as shown in the photograph?
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Sodium is very reactive with oxygen (O₂) and water (H₂O), so it is stored in oil to prevent it from reacting with moisture in the air.
Step 7
When sodium reacts with water, two products are formed. Name these two products.
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Answer
The two products formed when sodium reacts with water are sodium hydroxide and hydrogen.
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