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Explain the function of each of the following: (i) masseter muscles, (ii) saliva, (iii) reticulum. - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question f - 2007
Question f
Explain the function of each of the following: (i) masseter muscles, (ii) saliva, (iii) reticulum.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain the function of each of the following: (i) masseter muscles, (ii) saliva, (iii) reticulum. - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question f - 2007
Step 1
(i) masseter muscles
Answer
The masseter muscles are responsible for the primary action of chewing. They facilitate the movement of the jaw, which is essential in the process of physical digestion. This movement aids in breaking down food into smaller particles, making it easier to swallow and digest.
Step 2
(ii) saliva
Answer
Saliva plays multiple crucial roles in digestion. It contains enzymes that begin the breakdown of food, particularly carbohydrates. Additionally, saliva provides lubrication that helps form a bolus, which is the mass of food that is swallowed. It also has protective functions, serving as a defense mechanism for the oral cavity.
Step 3
(iii) reticulum
Answer
The reticulum is involved in the digestion of cellulose (fiber). It plays a critical role in the process of rumination, allowing ruminant animals to regurgitate the cud, which they then re-chew to aid in digestion. The reticulum also helps to retain foreign bodies that may be ingested along with food.