Calving is a very important event on the dairy farm - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 60 marks - 2014
Question 60 marks
Calving is a very important event on the dairy farm.
List four steps the farmer can take to help successful calving.
Colostrum is produced by the cow immediately a... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Calving is a very important event on the dairy farm - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 60 marks - 2014
Step 1
List four steps the farmer can take to help successful calving.
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Answer
Sire Selection: Choose appropriate sires to ensure high-quality offspring.
Monitoring Health: Maintain proper body condition scoring (3 - 3.5) to ensure the cow is fit for calving.
Preparation: Clean and prepare a calving box in advance, ensuring it is free of pathogens.
Veterinary Assistance: Call a vet if complications arise to assist in the calving process.
Step 2
Give two differences between colostrum and milk.
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Nutritional Content: Colostrum is richer in antibodies and nutrients, essential for immunity, while milk is primarily for growth and energy.
Physical Properties: Colostrum has a thicker consistency, often yellow in color compared to the more liquid, white appearance of milk.
Step 3
Describe three ways in which the farmer ensures good hygiene in calf-rearing.
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Clean Environment: Regularly clean and disinfect calf housing to prevent disease transmission. For example, wash floors and remove manure swiftly.
Fresh Water Supply: Ensure that calves have access to clean, fresh water at all times.
Separate Equipment: Use separate buckets and feeding equipment for calves to minimize cross-contamination between different age groups.
Step 4
Name two common diseases of calves.
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Scours: A condition often resulting in diarrhea in young calves.
Pneumonia: Respiratory disease that can severely impact calf health.
Step 5
What is the main function of the rumen?
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The main function of the rumen is to digest cellulose, breaking down fibrous plant material to provide essential nutrients and energy for the calf.
Step 6
How can the rumen be helped to develop in the young calf?
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To help the rumen develop, provide a balanced diet that includes roughage and gradual introduction of solid feeds to stimulate rumen function and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria.
Step 7
Name the three other chambers in the stomach.
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Reticulum
Omasum
Abomasum
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