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6. (a) Account for the different nutrient compositions of a dairy ration and a beef ration - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 6 - 2008
Question 6
6. (a) Account for the different nutrient compositions of a dairy ration and a beef ration. (b) Describe the feeding programme for a calf from birth to weaning in ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:6. (a) Account for the different nutrient compositions of a dairy ration and a beef ration - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 6 - 2008
Step 1
Account for the different nutrient compositions of a dairy ration and a beef ration.
Answer
Dairy rations generally contain higher levels of protein compared to beef rations. This is essential because dairy cows, especially those that are either pregnant or lactating, require more protein to support milk production and overall health. In contrast, beef cattle are typically fed a ration that may have lower protein levels as their main goal is to gain weight rather than produce milk.
Additionally, dairy rations often have increased amounts of Calcium (Ca) to prevent milk fever in cows that are calving or producing milk. Magensium (Mg) is also critical in dairy diets to prevent conditions like grass tetany. These elements are less emphasized in beef rations, which focus more on energy density and weight gain.
Step 2
Describe the feeding programme for a calf from birth to weaning in a spring-calving dairy herd.
Answer
In a spring-calving dairy herd, the feeding programme for a calf from birth to weaning typically follows these stages:
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Colostrum: Immediately after birth, the calf should receive colostrum within the first few hours. This is crucial for immunity and health.
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Milk or Milk Replacer: After the initial colostrum phase, calves should be fed milk or a milk replacer for several weeks to ensure they receive adequate nutrition.
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Hay: As the calf grows, introduce hay to promote rumen development while still providing milk or milk replacer.
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Concentrates: Finally, around two months of age, start incorporating concentrates to provide additional energy and nutrients, gradually reducing milk intake until weaning, which typically occurs around 6-8 weeks of age.