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Draw a labelled diagram of a plant cell, as seen under a light microscope - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 3 - 2008
Question 3
Draw a labelled diagram of a plant cell, as seen under a light microscope. Where in a cell are the chromosomes found? State a function of the chromosome. Explain t... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Draw a labelled diagram of a plant cell, as seen under a light microscope - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 3 - 2008
Step 1
Draw a labelled diagram of a plant cell, as seen under a light microscope.
Answer
To draw a labelled diagram of a plant cell:
- Start by outlining a rectangle or box shape to represent the cell wall.
- Draw a smaller circle inside the cell for the nucleus.
- Include other organelles:
- Cytoplasm: shade the area inside the cell wall.
- Chloroplasts: draw small green oval shapes.
- Vacuole: a large oval shape in the center to represent the central vacuole.
- Label all parts clearly with lines pointing to each organelle, ensuring the labels are: Cell Wall, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Chloroplasts, Vacuole.
Step 2
Where in a cell are the chromosomes found? State a function of the chromosome.
Answer
Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of a cell.
The primary function of chromosomes is to carry genetic information in the form of genes, which are essential for inheritance and the regulation of cellular activities.
Step 3
Explain the following terms as used in genetics: (i) Gamete.
Answer
A gamete is a reproductive cell involved in sexual reproduction. It is a haploid cell, meaning it contains half the number of chromosomes of a diploid cell, which allows for the formation of a new organism when two gametes (one from each parent) fuse during fertilization.
Step 4
Step 5
(iii) Mutation.
Answer
A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome. Mutations can occur naturally during DNA replication or be induced by external factors such as radiation or chemicals. They can lead to variations in traits, and some mutations can even cause genetic disorders.
Step 6
Copy the following into your answer book and complete the spaces (genotypes in brackets, phenotypes on lines) to show a cross between a plant with a homozygous red flower and a plant with a white flower.
Answer
The genotypes of the original parents (RR) X (rr) The gametes produced by each parent (R) X (r) The genotype of the offspring (Rr) The phenotype of the offspring (Red)
The genotype of the second generation parents (Rr) X (Rr) The gametes produced by each parent (R) X (r) The genotypes of the second generation (RR), (Rr), (Rr), (rr) The phenotypes of the second generation (Red, Red, White).