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Distinguish between the following: (i) transpiration and translocation, (ii) osmosis and active transport. - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question j - 2007
Question j
Distinguish between the following: (i) transpiration and translocation, (ii) osmosis and active transport.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Distinguish between the following: (i) transpiration and translocation, (ii) osmosis and active transport. - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question j - 2007
Step 1
(i) transpiration and translocation
Answer
Transpiration is the process involving the movement of water through a plant, primarily through evaporation from the leaves. This process plays a crucial role in regulating plant temperature and facilitating nutrient transport.
On the other hand, translocation refers to the movement of dissolved substances, particularly nutrients like sugars, through the plant's vascular system. This is essential for distributing energy-relevant substances needed for growth and development.
Step 2
(ii) osmosis and active transport
Answer
Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration, without requiring energy. This process is vital for maintaining cellular turgor and overall plant health.
Active transport, in contrast, involves the movement of substances across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy expenditure. This mechanism allows cells to uptake essential nutrients even when they are in lower concentrations outside the cell.