a) (i) Name two lowland sheep breeds - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question a - 2018

Flushing refers to the practice of moving ewes from a low plane of nutrition to a high plane of nutrition before mating. This increase in nutrition enhances fertility and may lead to the release of more ova, thus improving the chances of conception.

Scanning is the use of ultrasound or other scanning technologies to determine if a ewe is pregnant and to estimate how many lambs she is carrying. This information is crucial for farm management, as it informs feeding and care strategies for pregnant ewes.

Steaming up is the practice of increasing the amount of concentrates in the diet of ewes as they approach lambing. This ensures the ewes have enough energy reserves to support the gestation of multiple lambs and promotes better lamb viability.

Vaccination involves administering injections to prevent diseases or manage other health issues in sheep. This procedure helps in building immunity against specific diseases, ensuring a healthier flock overall.

Creep feeding is the method of allowing lambs access to high-quality feed that is concentrated and rich in nutrients while restricting it for the ewes. This practice supports earlier growth and development of lambs and reduces competition at feeding times.

Shearing is the process of clipping wool from sheep. It is performed to prevent overheating and to maintain wool quality. Regular shearing also helps in managing the health of sheep by preventing wool-related issues.