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(i) What is meant by the term transpiration? (ii) Describe how any three environmental factors affect the rate of transpiration in a plant. - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question c - 2015
Question c
(i) What is meant by the term transpiration? (ii) Describe how any three environmental factors affect the rate of transpiration in a plant.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:(i) What is meant by the term transpiration? (ii) Describe how any three environmental factors affect the rate of transpiration in a plant. - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question c - 2015
Step 1
What is meant by the term transpiration?
Answer
Transpiration is the process by which water evaporates from the leaves of a plant through small openings called stomata. This process is crucial for maintaining water and nutrient transport within the plant, as well as regulating temperature.
Step 2
Describe how any three environmental factors affect the rate of transpiration in a plant.
Answer
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Light Intensity: Increased light intensity leads to a higher rate of photosynthesis, which in turn opens the stomata to allow for gas exchange. This results in more water vapor being released, increasing transpiration rates.
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Humidity: Relative humidity affects transpiration significantly. In dry air, water vapor escapes more rapidly from the stomata, prompting an increase in transpiration. Conversely, in high humidity, the rate of transpiration decreases as the air contains more moisture.
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Wind Movement: Wind speeds can enhance transpiration by removing the moisture-laden air surrounding the leaf surface, allowing drier air to promote further evaporation. If the wind is very strong, however, it may lead to excessive water loss, potentially stressing the plant.