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Give scientific explanations for any four of the following: (a) The influence of environmental temperature on weight gain in pigs - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 9 - 2017
Question 9
Give scientific explanations for any four of the following: (a) The influence of environmental temperature on weight gain in pigs. (b) The dense planting of conife... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Give scientific explanations for any four of the following: (a) The influence of environmental temperature on weight gain in pigs - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 9 - 2017
Step 1
The influence of environmental temperature on weight gain in pigs.
Answer
Environmental temperature plays a vital role in the weight gain of pigs by affecting their feed conversion ratio (FCR). At the correct or critical temperature range, pigs are more likely to convert feed into body weight effectively. If the temperature is too low, pigs will expend more energy to maintain their body temperature, leading to less energy available for growth. Conversely, at high temperatures, they may reduce feed intake, resulting in lower weight gain. Optimal temperature conditions not only help maximize growth rates but also improve overall feed efficiency.
Step 2
The dense planting of coniferous trees in a forestry plantation.
Answer
Dense planting of coniferous trees can result in taller and straighter trees as they compete for light. This competition can lead to better timber quality since it prevents trees from developing branches and knots. However, such density can also hinder thinning operations, which are necessary to promote healthier growth in remaining trees. Moreover, density can provide a natural shelter belt, protecting understory plants and promoting biodiversity, even as it acts to inhibit the growth of competing vegetation.
Step 3
The low earthworm population in intensively cultivated soils.
Answer
In intensively cultivated soils, the low earthworm population can be attributed to several factors, including soil compaction, reduction of organic matter, and the use of chemical fertilizers. The machinery used in cultivation can damage soil structure and worms' habitats, making it difficult for them to thrive. Additionally, the constant exposure to chemicals can negatively affect their health. This decreased population impacts soil aeration and nutrient cycling, further exacerbating the soil's fertility issues.
Step 4
The presence of grit in the digestive tract of free-range poultry.
Answer
Free-range poultry often consume grit, which is necessary for their digestion. The grit helps in grinding down food in the gizzard, improving nutrient absorption. Without adequate grit, poultry may struggle to digest their feed, particularly tough grains or seeds. Furthermore, proper digestive function enhances the overall health of the bird and can improve the quality of the meat and eggs they produce, resulting in better productivity for the poultry farmer.
Step 5
The deep ploughing of podzolic soils.
Answer
Deep ploughing of podzolic soils can lead to several benefits, including the breaking of hardpan layers and improving drainage, which enhances root penetration. This practice also helps to restore essential soil nutrients that may have been leached away over time, thereby supporting better plant growth. By aerating the soil, deep ploughing allows for increased water infiltration, reducing surface runoff and promoting healthier crop yields.