Photo AI
A plant has specialised structures which absorb nutrients through a specific process from the soil solution - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 11 - 2022
Question 11
A plant has specialised structures which absorb nutrients through a specific process from the soil solution. (i) Complete the table by stating the name of each of t... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:A plant has specialised structures which absorb nutrients through a specific process from the soil solution - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 11 - 2022
Step 1
Step 2
(ii) Explain how the process stated in part (i) above occurs.
Answer
Active transport is the process through which nutrients are absorbed from the soil. In this process, root hairs absorb ions and nutrients from a region of low concentration in the soil to a region of high concentration within the plant's roots. This movement requires energy as it occurs against a concentration gradient. The energy is supplied through ATP (adenosine triphosphate) produced by cellular respiration.
Step 3
(iii) Mycorrhiza has a symbiotic relationship with plant roots. Explain the underlined term.
Answer
A symbiotic relationship refers to the interaction between two different organisms living together in close physical proximity. In this case, mycorrhizae are beneficial fungi that colonize plant roots, enhancing nutrient absorption, particularly phosphorus, while the plant supplies the fungi with carbohydrates produced through photosynthesis.
Step 4
Step 5
(ii) Advise the farmer regarding the cause of these symptoms.
Answer
The symptoms observed in the grass crop, such as purple leaves and stunted growth, are likely indicative of phosphorus deficiency. Phosphorus is essential for plants as it plays a crucial role in energy transfer and photosynthesis, which can lead to inadequate growth if lacking.
Step 6
(iii) Describe the role mycorrhizae fungi play in preventing the symptoms described above.
Answer
Mycorrhizal fungi enhance the plant's ability to absorb phosphorus and other nutrients from the soil. The hyphae of these fungi extend far into the soil, increasing the surface area available for nutrient uptake. By improving nutrient availability, they help prevent symptoms of deficiency, ensuring better growth and resilience against environmental stressors.
Step 7
(iv) Outline how to increase the presence of mycorrhizae fungi in soil.
Answer
To increase the presence of mycorrhizae fungi in soil, farmers can adopt practices such as:
- Crop rotation and polycultures: Planting different species together can promote biodiversity, thus enhancing mycorrhizal activity.
- Minimizing the use of chemical fertilizers, especially phosphorus, which can inhibit mycorrhizal colonization.
- Incorporating organic fertilizers and compost, which boost soil health and mycorrhizal populations.