Enzymes' biomolecule group: Protein
Biological explanation: Breakdown or digest any organic matter - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 8 - 2015
Question 8
Enzymes' biomolecule group: Protein
Biological explanation: Breakdown or digest any organic matter
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Enzymes' biomolecule group: Protein
Biological explanation: Breakdown or digest any organic matter - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 8 - 2015
Step 1
What is an enzyme?
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Answer
An enzyme is a biological catalyst that accelerates chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process. Enzymes lower the activation energy needed for reactions to occur, allowing vital metabolic processes to happen more efficiently.
Step 2
Name one enzyme, other than amylase, and name its substrate.
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Answer
One enzyme other than amylase is lipase, which acts on the substrate triglycerides, breaking them down into fatty acids and glycerol.
Step 3
From which biomolecule are enzymes made?
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Answer
Enzymes are primarily made from proteins, which are themselves composed of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.
Step 4
What is meant by the term immobilised in relation to enzymes?
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The term 'immobilised' in relation to enzymes refers to the process of fixing or attaching enzymes to a solid support or matrix, which allows them to remain in place during reactions. This enhances stability and allows for easier separation from products after the reaction.
Step 5
Name one substance used to immobilise enzymes.
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One substance commonly used to immobilise enzymes is calcium alginate, which forms a gel bead that encases the enzyme.
Step 6
Give one advantage of using immobilised enzymes.
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One advantage of using immobilised enzymes is that they can be reused multiple times in industrial processes, reducing costs and minimizing waste.
Step 7
Suggest one reason why enzymes are sometimes used in washing powders.
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Enzymes are included in washing powders because they effectively break down stains and dirt at lower temperatures, making the washing process more efficient and environmentally friendly.
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