(a) (i) Blood acts as a transport medium in the human body - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 11 - 2018
Question 11
(a) (i) Blood acts as a transport medium in the human body. Name two substances, other than food molecules and water, that are transported in the blood.
(ii) Give t... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:(a) (i) Blood acts as a transport medium in the human body - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 11 - 2018
Step 1
Blood acts as a transport medium in the human body. Name two substances, other than food molecules and water, that are transported in the blood.
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Answer
Two substances transported in the blood are:
Urea
Hormones (e.g., adrenaline)
Step 2
Give the location in the body where each of the substances you named in (i) enters the blood.
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Answer
Urea enters the blood through the liver.
Hormones enter the blood from endocrine glands.
Step 3
Draw a diagram to show the structure of the human heart and associated blood vessels, labelling each of the following:
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Answer
The diagram should include the following components:
Four chambers (right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle)
Ensure that the left ventricle wall is thicker than the right ventricle wall.
Step 4
State the precise location and describe the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node.
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Answer
The SA node is located in the right atrium. It generates electrical impulses that cause contraction in the atria, controlling the heart rate.
Step 5
State the precise location and describe the role of the atrioventricular (AV) node.
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The AV node is located in the septum between the right atrium and right ventricle. It generates electrical impulses that cause contraction in the ventricles.
Step 6
What exactly is being measured when a person’s blood pressure is taken?
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Answer
Blood pressure measures the force of blood against the walls of the arteries during systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation) phases of the heart cycle.
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