12. (a) (i) Explain the term digestion - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 12 - 2015
Question 12
12. (a) (i) Explain the term digestion.
(ii) Mechanical digestion and chemical digestion are two types of digestion.
State whether each of the following is involve... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:12. (a) (i) Explain the term digestion - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 12 - 2015
Step 1
Explain the term digestion.
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Answer
Digestion is the biochemical process by which food is broken down into smaller, absorbable components. This process occurs in the digestive tract and involves both mechanical and chemical actions.
Step 2
State whether each of the following is involved in mechanical or chemical digestion.
1. Enzymes.
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Answer
Enzymes are involved in chemical digestion, as they catalyze the breakdown of food into smaller molecules.
Step 3
State whether each of the following is involved in mechanical or chemical digestion.
2. Teeth.
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Answer
Teeth are involved in mechanical digestion, as they physically break down food into smaller pieces.
Step 4
Name the parts labelled A, B, C, D and E.
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Answer
A = Duodenum (or small intestine), B = Liver, C = Stomach, D = Pancreas, E = Colon (or large intestine).
Step 5
Part C releases an acid. Name that acid.
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Answer
The acid released by Part C is Hydrochloric acid (HCl).
Step 6
Name and give one function of the liquid stored in the gall bladder.
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Answer
The liquid stored in the gall bladder is Bile. One function of bile is to emulsify fat, aiding in its digestion.
Step 7
Amylase is an enzyme. Name one part of the digestive system where amylase is produced.
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Answer
Amylase is produced in the Salivary glands.
Step 8
Give two symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome.
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Answer
Two symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) include abdominal pain and constipation.
Step 9
Constipation may result from reabsorbing too much of which liquid into the bloodstream?
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Answer
Constipation may result from reabsorbing too much water into the bloodstream.
Step 10
Give two treatments for irritable bowel syndrome.
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Answer
Two treatments for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) include dietary changes and medication.
Step 11
Explain the term peristalsis.
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Peristalsis is the involuntary muscular contraction that moves food along the digestive tract by creating wave-like movements.
Step 12
Give one beneficial effect of the bacteria found in the large intestine.
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One beneficial effect of the bacteria found in the large intestine is that they produce vitamins or out-compete pathogens, helping to maintain a healthy gut microbiome.
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