13. (a) (i) What is meant by excretion?
Excretion is the elimination of waste products of metabolism from the body - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 13 - 2008
Question 13
13. (a) (i) What is meant by excretion?
Excretion is the elimination of waste products of metabolism from the body. It is a crucial process as it helps to maintain ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:13. (a) (i) What is meant by excretion?
Excretion is the elimination of waste products of metabolism from the body - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 13 - 2008
Step 1
What is meant by excretion?
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Answer
Excretion refers to the elimination of waste products resulting from metabolic processes in the body. This is essential for maintaining homeostasis and preventing the accumulation of harmful substances.
Step 2
Urea and carbon dioxide are excretory products of the human body. In the case of each product name a substance from which it is derived.
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Answer
Urea is derived from amino acids, while carbon dioxide is produced from carbohydrates during cellular respiration.
Step 3
Name the parts A, B, C, D, E and F.
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Answer
A = arteriole, B = Bowman’s capsule, C = proximal tubule, D = Loop of Henle, E = collecting duct or Loop of Henle, F = distal tubule.
Step 4
From which blood vessel is A derived?
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Answer
A is derived from the renal artery or renal arterioles.
Step 5
Where in the kidney is B located?
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B is located in the cortex of the kidney.
Step 6
Give the part of the nephron in which each of the following takes place:
1. filtration
2. reabsorption of amino acids.
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Filtration occurs in Bowman’s capsule or glomerulus (B).
Reabsorption of amino acids takes place in the proximal tubule (C).
Step 7
Give two features of the nephron that aid filtration.
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The nephron has a large surface area due to its porous capillary walls, which enhances filtration efficiency.
The glomerular capillaries are one cell thick, facilitating quicker substance exchange.
Step 8
Name a group of biomolecules in the blood which are too large to pass through the filtration system of the nephron.
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Proteins or a named group of proteins.
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