In relation to the scientific method, explain each of the following - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 7 - 2011
Question 7
In relation to the scientific method, explain each of the following.
(i) Experiment.
(ii) Theory.
Scientists investigated the effect of a certain mineral on the g... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:In relation to the scientific method, explain each of the following - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 7 - 2011
Step 1
Experiment.
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Answer
An experiment is a controlled methodical procedure used to test a hypothesis. It is a crucial step in the scientific method where variables are manipulated to observe effects and to validate or invalidate predictions made by the hypothesis.
Step 2
Theory.
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A theory is a well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of evidence. It is supported by multiple experiments and observations, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding phenomena.
Step 3
Suggest a reason why the seeds used were all taken from one parent plant.
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Using seeds from a single parent plant minimizes genetic variation and ensures that the results of the experiment are due to the mineral's effect rather than differences in genetics among the plants.
Step 4
The compost in which the wheat plants were grown was sterilised at the start of the investigation.
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The scientists may have sterilised the compost by using heat, such as boiling, or by applying a chemical method such as sodium hypochlorite.
It was important to sterilise the compost to eliminate any microorganisms that could compete with the wheat plants or cause diseases, ensuring that any observed effects on growth could be attributed to the mineral being tested.
Step 5
Why did the scientists divide the young wheat plants into two equal groups?
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The scientists divided the young wheat plants into two equal groups to establish a control group and an experimental group. This allows for comparison and helps in determining the effects of the mineral on wheat growth.
Step 6
During the investigation, the scientists kept the two groups of plants under identical conditions. Why was this?
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Keeping the two groups of plants under identical conditions ensures that any differences in growth can be attributed solely to the mineral being tested, rather than environmental factors. This controls for variables.
Step 7
Name two conditions you think the scientists would have kept constant during the investigation.
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Temperature
Light intensity
Step 8
Why did the scientists repeat the investigation several times before publishing their results in a scientific journal?
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Repeating the investigation several times ensures statistical reliability and helps to confirm that the results are consistent and not due to chance. This builds credibility for their findings.
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