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(a) (i) Explain the term homeostasis - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 15 - 2017
Question 15
(a) (i) Explain the term homeostasis. (ii) Why is homeostasis important in the human body? (iii) Describe in detail the process of inhalation. (iv) Name a hu... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:(a) (i) Explain the term homeostasis - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 15 - 2017
Step 1
Explain the term homeostasis.
Answer
Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of a constant internal environment within the body, despite changes in external conditions. This includes regulating factors such as temperature, pH levels, and concentration of ions to ensure the body functions optimally.
Step 2
Why is homeostasis important in the human body?
Answer
Homeostasis is crucial as it allows for normal metabolic activity and ensures that conditions remain stable for enzyme reactions to occur. For instance, maintaining a stable body temperature is essential for efficient cellular functions.
Step 3
Describe in detail the process of inhalation.
Answer
During inhalation, the process begins with an increase in carbon dioxide levels detected by the brain, which sends signals to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. The diaphragm contracts and flattens, while the intercostal muscles contract, lifting the rib cage. This action increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, resulting in a decrease in pressure within the thorax compared to the atmospheric pressure. Consequently, air is drawn into the lungs through the trachea, filling the alveoli.
Step 4
Step 5
State a cause and a treatment for the breathing disorder referred to in part (iv).
Answer
A cause of asthma includes the constriction of the lower bronchioles due to allergens such as dust. A possible treatment for asthma is to avoid exposure to these allergens or to use an inhaler to relieve symptoms.