The diagram below summarises some of the changes that take place in a typical human female during the menstrual cycle - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 14 - 2020
Question 14
The diagram below summarises some of the changes that take place in a typical human female during the menstrual cycle. Answer the questions that follow, based on thi... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram below summarises some of the changes that take place in a typical human female during the menstrual cycle - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 14 - 2020
Step 1
What is the role of the menstrual cycle?
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Answer
The role of the menstrual cycle is to prepare the endometrium (uterus) for pregnancy or for ovulation and the development of an egg.
Step 2
Name the event that occurs between days 1-5 of the cycle.
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Answer
Menstruation or having a period occurs between days 1-5.
Step 3
The event you have named at (ii) is triggered by a large drop in a certain hormone. Name the hormone.
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Answer
The hormone that triggers this event is progesterone.
Step 4
Where is the hormone oestrogen produced?
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Oestrogen is produced in the Graafian follicle or the ovary.
Step 5
Using the time axis from the graph above, sketch a graph in your answer box, to indicate the changes in oestrogen levels during the cycle.
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Answer
The sketch should illustrate a gradual increase in oestrogen levels from day 4 to day 14, followed by a peak at day 14 and a gradual decline after that.
Step 6
Rise day 4-14 and drop day 14-28
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During the period from day 4 to day 14, oestrogen levels rise significantly, and there is a noticeable drop in levels from day 14 to day 28.
Step 7
Name the event that occurs at day 14 and the hormone which causes this to happen.
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Answer
The event that occurs at day 14 is ovulation (or egg release), and it is caused by the hormone LH (Luteinizing hormone).
Step 8
Name the structure that the Graafian follicle develops into after day 14.
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The Graafian follicle develops into the corpus luteum after day 14.
Step 9
Does the graph indicate that the woman became pregnant during this menstrual cycle? Explain your answer.
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Answer
The graph does not indicate pregnancy, as the uterine lining breaks down at the end of the cycle, or the corpus luteum breaks down if no fertilization occurs.
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