Answer the following questions in relation to human sexual reproduction - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 15 - 2017
Question 15
Answer the following questions in relation to human sexual reproduction.
(i) During in vitro fertilisation treatment (IVF) several eggs are removed from the woman.
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:Answer the following questions in relation to human sexual reproduction - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 15 - 2017
Step 1
Explain the term in vitro fertilisation.
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Answer
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a medical procedure where gametes, specifically sperm and egg, are fused outside the body to create embryos.
Step 2
Suggest a reason for the removal of several eggs.
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The removal of several eggs increases the chance of successful implantation or pregnancy, as some eggs may not fertilise or may not develop properly.
Step 3
Identify the germ layer from which the skin of the developing embryo arises.
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The germ layer from which the skin of the developing embryo develops is the ectoderm.
Step 4
From which tissues does the placenta form?
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The placenta forms from the endometrium (or uterine lining) and the chorionic tissue, allowing for either trophoblastic or embryonic tissue.
Step 5
Give two reasons why such mixing must not occur.
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There may be blood pressure differences between the mother and fetus, which can cause complications.
Mixing of blood may lead to blood group incompatibility, resulting in immune responses or transfer of infections.
Step 6
State two other functions of the placenta.
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The placenta produces hormones that are crucial for maintaining pregnancy.
It facilitates the transfer of food (or oxygen and antibodies) from mother to baby, as well as waste removal from baby to mother.
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