In 1796 an English doctor-scientist called Edward Jenner inserted pus from a cowpox blister into a young boy’s arm - Leaving Cert Biology - Question b - 2018
Question b
In 1796 an English doctor-scientist called Edward Jenner inserted pus from a cowpox blister into a young boy’s arm. Later, he infected the boy with the much more ser... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:In 1796 an English doctor-scientist called Edward Jenner inserted pus from a cowpox blister into a young boy’s arm - Leaving Cert Biology - Question b - 2018
Step 1
Edward Jenner discovered a vaccination against which disease?
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Answer
Edward Jenner discovered a vaccination against: Smallpox.
Step 2
Explain what we now understand about how vaccination works.
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Answer
Vaccination involves introducing a non-disease-causing dose of a pathogen to stimulate the immune system. This helps the body recognize and respond effectively to the actual pathogen in case of future exposure.
Step 3
What is meant by the term immunity?
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Immunity refers to the ability of the body to resist infection and diseases. It is the body’s defense mechanism against pathogens.
Step 4
Outline the difference between active immunity and passive immunity.
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Active immunity is acquired when the body produces its own antibodies in response to an infection or vaccination. Passive immunity is when antibodies are introduced into the body from an external source, providing immediate but temporary protection.
Step 5
What is a pathogen?
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A pathogen is a disease-causing organism that can lead to infections and illnesses.
Step 6
How does colostrum help to protect the baby from disease?
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Colostrum contains antibodies and lymphocytes that boost the baby’s immune system, providing essential nutrients and enhancing general health.
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