The vertebral column is part of the human axial skeleton and is composed of bones called vertebrae, with intervertebral discs. (i) There are five regions in the vertebral column. Name any two of these regions and state how many bones are found in each named region. (ii) What are the intervertebral discs made of and what is their function? (iii) Bone tissue is continually broken down and reformed during life. 1. Name the cells that break down bone. 2. Name the cells that build bone. (iv) Give two factors on which the continued renewal of bone depends.

Leaving Cert Biology Musculoskeletal System: The vertebral column is part of

The vertebral column is part of the human axial skeleton and is composed of bones called vertebrae, with intervertebral discs - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 15 - 2017

Question 15

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The vertebral column is part of the human axial skeleton and is composed of bones called vertebrae, with intervertebral discs. (i) There are five regions in the ver... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The vertebral column is part of the human axial skeleton and is composed of bones called vertebrae, with intervertebral discs - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 15 - 2017

Step 1

There are five regions in the vertebral column. Name any two of these regions and state how many bones are found in each named region.

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Answer

The two chosen regions of the vertebral column are:

Cervical Region: Contains 7 bones.
Thoracic Region: Contains 12 bones.

Step 2

What are the intervertebral discs made of and what is their function?

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Answer

Intervertebral discs are made of cartilage. Their primary function is to serve as shock absorbers to reduce friction between the vertebrae during movement.

Step 3

Name the cells that break down bone.

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Answer

Osteoclasts are the cells that break down bone.

Step 4

Name the cells that build bone.

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Answer

Osteoblasts are the cells that build bone.

Step 5

Give two factors on which the continued renewal of bone depends.

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Answer

Two factors on which the continued renewal of bone depends are:

Diet or specific reference to the supply of calcium (or phosphate).
Supply of vitamin D, exercise, age, reference to hormones or gender.

The vertebral column is part of the human axial skeleton and is composed of bones called vertebrae, with intervertebral discs - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 15 - 2017

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The vertebral column is part of the human axial skeleton and is composed of bones called vertebrae, with intervertebral discs - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 15 - 2017

There are five regions in the vertebral column. Name any two of these regions and state how many bones are found in each named region.

What are the intervertebral discs made of and what is their function?

Name the cells that break down bone.

Name the cells that build bone.

Give two factors on which the continued renewal of bone depends.

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