Explain the following terms used in cell metabolism:
(i) Enzyme
(ii) Aerobic
(iii) Fermentation - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 13 - 2019
Question 13
Explain the following terms used in cell metabolism:
(i) Enzyme
(ii) Aerobic
(iii) Fermentation.
The equation below represents aerobic respiration.
Glucose + X ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain the following terms used in cell metabolism:
(i) Enzyme
(ii) Aerobic
(iii) Fermentation - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 13 - 2019
Step 1
Name the gas X.
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Answer
Gas X is oxygen, which is a product of aerobic respiration.
Step 2
Name a process that produces gas X.
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Answer
The process that produces gas X (oxygen) is photosynthesis.
Step 3
Name the gas Y.
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Gas Y is carbon dioxide, which is produced during cellular respiration.
Step 4
Name a process, other than aerobic respiration, that produces gas Y.
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A process that produces gas Y (carbon dioxide) is fermentation.
Step 5
Name the locations in the cell for stage 1 and for stage 2.
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Answer
Stage 1 occurs in the cytoplasm, and stage 2 occurs in the mitochondria.
Step 6
Which stage produces the larger amount of energy?
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Stage 2 produces the larger amount of energy.
Step 7
Which stage requires gas X from the equation above?
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Stage 2 requires gas X (oxygen).
Step 8
Give a role for the energy produced by the cell.
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Answer
The energy produced by the cell is used for processes such as protein synthesis, cell division, or other cellular functions.
Step 9
Name two selectively permeable membranes in cells.
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Examples of selectively permeable membranes include the cell membrane, chloroplast, mitochondrion, or nuclear membrane.
Step 10
What is meant by the term diffusion?
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Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Step 11
What is meant by the term osmosis?
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Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution.
Step 12
Which letter A, B, C, or D, shows the cell when turgid?
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Letter A shows the cell when it is turgid.
Step 13
What process has caused the appearance of the cell at D?
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The cell at D has appeared due to plasmolysis, which is the loss of water.
Step 14
Why are these foods treated this way?
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Certain foods are treated with high salt or sugar concentrations to preserve them. This helps prevent the growth of microorganisms.
Step 15
How does this treatment work?
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This treatment works by causing microorganisms to lose water through osmosis, resulting in their inability to survive.
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