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A) Describe one motivational theory commonly used in management - Leaving Cert Business - Question A & B - 2006
Question A & B
A) Describe one motivational theory commonly used in management. B) Discuss three styles of leadership.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:A) Describe one motivational theory commonly used in management - Leaving Cert Business - Question A & B - 2006
Step 1
Describe one motivational theory commonly used in management.
Answer
One widely recognized motivational theory is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. This theory, developed by Abraham Maslow in 1943, posits that human needs are arranged in a hierarchy. The levels, from the most basic to the highest, are as follows:
- Physiological Needs: These are the basic requirements for human survival, such as food, water, and shelter.
- Safety Needs: Once physiological needs are satisfied, individuals seek security and safety, which may include both physical safety and financial security.
- Social Needs: After safety, social needs emerge, including the need for belonging and love, such as friendships and family.
- Esteem Needs: This level encompasses the need for respect, recognition, and a sense of achievement.
- Self-Actualization Needs: At the top of the hierarchy is self-actualization, where individuals strive to realize their full potential and pursue personal growth and peak experiences.
In a management context, understanding these needs can help managers motivate employees by addressing their various levels of needs appropriately.
Step 2
Discuss three styles of leadership.
Answer
There are various leadership styles, but three prominent ones include:
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Autocratic Leadership (Authoritarian): In this style, the leader makes decisions unilaterally, often without input from team members. Autocratic leaders maintain strict control and may demand obedience. This style can lead to quick decision-making but may stifle creativity and lower morale among team members.
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Democratic Leadership: Democratic leaders encourage group participation in the decision-making process. They value the input of their team and promote collaboration and team spirit. This style fosters a sense of ownership and can enhance motivation and job satisfaction.
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Laissez-Faire Leadership: This hands-off approach involves leaders providing minimal supervision and allowing team members to make decisions. While this can lead to high levels of creativity and independence, it may also result in a lack of direction if team members are not self-motivated.
Each of these leadership styles has its advantages and drawbacks, making it essential for leaders to adapt their approach based on the context and the needs of their team.