Both carbon disulfide (CS₂) and tetrachloromethane (CCl₄) are colourless liquids at room temperature - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 11 - 2018
Question 11
Both carbon disulfide (CS₂) and tetrachloromethane (CCl₄) are colourless liquids at room temperature.
(i) Define electronegativity.
(ii) Predict the type of bond f... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Both carbon disulfide (CS₂) and tetrachloromethane (CCl₄) are colourless liquids at room temperature - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 11 - 2018
Step 1
Define electronegativity.
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Answer
Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons in a covalent bond. It quantifies the relative attraction of an atom for shared electrons, influencing how atoms interact in chemical compounds.
Step 2
Predict the type of bond formed between carbon and chlorine atoms in a CCl₄ molecule.
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Answer
The bond formed between carbon and chlorine atoms in a CCl₄ molecule is predicted to be a polar covalent bond. This is due to the difference in electronegativity between carbon and chlorine.
Step 3
What is the valency of carbon in tetrachloromethane?
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Answer
The valency of carbon in tetrachloromethane (CCl₄) is 4. This is because carbon forms four covalent bonds with four chlorine atoms.
Step 4
State and account for the shape of a tetrachloromethane molecule.
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Answer
The shape of a tetrachloromethane molecule is tetrahedral. This geometry arises from the four bonding pairs of electrons around the carbon atom, which repel each other and arrange themselves as far apart as possible to minimize repulsion.
Step 5
Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the arrangement of all the valence shell electrons in a CS₂ molecule.
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Answer
The dot and cross diagram for a CS₂ molecule shows two sulfur atoms bonded to a single carbon atom. Each sulfur contributes six valence electrons while carbon contributes four. The shared electrons are represented as dots and crosses, illustrating the covalent bonds.
Here is a simple representation:
S •
|
C × S
In this diagram, the dots represent the sulfur's valence electrons, while the crosses represent the carbon's valence electrons.
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