Give two differences between a sigma and a pi covalent bond.
- Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question e - 2019
Question e
Give two differences between a sigma and a pi covalent bond.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Give two differences between a sigma and a pi covalent bond.
- Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question e - 2019
Step 1
Difference 1: Formation
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Answer
A sigma bond is formed from the end-on (or head-on) overlap of orbitals, typically involving the overlap of atomic orbitals along the axis connecting two nuclei. In contrast, a pi bond is formed from the sideways (or lateral) overlap of p orbitals that are perpendicular to the bond axis.
Step 2
Difference 2: Rotation
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Answer
Sigma bonds allow for free rotation around the bond axis due to their cylindrical symmetry. On the other hand, pi bonds restrict rotation around the bond axis as they have a specific orientation that must be maintained.
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