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10. Answer any two of the parts (a), (b) and (c) - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 10 - 2013
Question 10
10. Answer any two of the parts (a), (b) and (c). (a) Distinguish between intramolecular bonding and intermolecular forces. (b) Explain each of the following in... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:10. Answer any two of the parts (a), (b) and (c) - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 10 - 2013
Step 1
Distinguish between intramolecular bonding and intermolecular forces.
Answer
Intramolecular bonding refers to the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule. These include covalent bonds, ionic bonds, and metallic bonds. In contrast, intermolecular forces are the forces between molecules that influence physical properties such as boiling and melting points. The main types of intermolecular forces include dipole-dipole interactions, London dispersion forces, and hydrogen bonding.
Step 2
Explain the boiling point of hydrogen (20 K) is significantly lower than that of oxygen (90.2 K).
Answer
The boiling point of hydrogen is low due to its small molecular size and relatively weak London dispersion forces between hydrogen molecules. In comparison, oxygen is larger and exhibits stronger intermolecular forces, including dipole-dipole interactions because it is a polar molecule. Thus, more energy is required to break the intermolecular attractions in oxygen, resulting in a higher boiling point.
Step 3
Explain iodine has a very low solubility in water.
Answer
Iodine is a non-polar molecule and does not form significant interactions with water, which is a polar solvent. The solubility of a substance in a particular solvent often depends on the polarity of both; non-polar substances like iodine do not dissolve well in polar solvents like water due to the lack of favorable intermolecular forces.