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State the two main ways by which nitrogen is fixed in nature. - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question A - 2008
Question A
State the two main ways by which nitrogen is fixed in nature.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:State the two main ways by which nitrogen is fixed in nature. - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question A - 2008
Step 1
Lightning (electrical storms, thunderstorms)
Answer
Nitrogen can be fixed in nature through natural phenomena such as lightning. The high temperatures generated during a lightning strike enable nitrogen gas (N₂) in the atmosphere to combine with oxygen, producing nitrogen oxides (NO and NO₂). These compounds eventually dissolve in rainwater and enter the soil, where they can be utilized by plants.
Step 2
Bacteria
Answer
Another significant method of nitrogen fixation is through bacteria. Certain bacteria, such as Rhizobium, are found in the root nodules of leguminous plants and convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms that plants can absorb and use for growth. Other types of bacteria involved in nitrogen fixation include Nitrobacter, Azotobacter, Clostridium, and cyanobacteria like Anabaena.