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Answer any two of the parts (a), (b) and (c) - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 10 - 2014
Question 10
Answer any two of the parts (a), (b) and (c). (a) Study the reaction scheme below and answer the questions that follow with reference to the compounds X, Y and Z, e... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Answer any two of the parts (a), (b) and (c) - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 10 - 2014
Step 1
(i) Give a major use for compound Z.
Answer
Compound Z, which is a carboxylic acid, has various uses. One major use is in the production of cellulose acetate, a compound used as a film former in various coatings and plastics. Additionally, it can be used as a solvent or in the production of flavoring agents.
Step 2
(ii) Draw the structure of aldehyde Y showing the bonding between the atoms.
Answer
The structural formula for aldehyde Y, which contains two carbon atoms, can be represented as follows:
H O
\ //
C
/ \
H H
This diagram shows the bonding of the atoms, where the carbonyl group (C=O) is part of the aldehyde functional group.
Step 3
(iii) Draw the structural formula of the ester formed from compounds X and Z.
Answer
The structural formula for the ester formed from alcohol X and carboxylic acid Z can be represented as:
O
||
CH3-C-O-CH2-CH3
In this formula, the ester bond is formed between the alcohol and carboxylic acid.
Step 4
Step 5
(v) How could aldehyde Y be reduced to alcohol X?
Answer
Aldehyde Y can be reduced to alcohol X through hydrogenation using a reducing agent. Suitable options include hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt), or palladium (Pd). Alternatively, lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH₄) or sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) can also effectively reduce the aldehyde to the corresponding alcohol.