In oil refining why is catalytic cracking of gas oil carried out? - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question (h) - 2020
Question (h)
In oil refining why is catalytic cracking of gas oil carried out?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:In oil refining why is catalytic cracking of gas oil carried out? - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question (h) - 2020
Step 1
To get smaller (more valuable, more useful) molecules (fuel)
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Answer
Catalytic cracking is carried out to break down larger, less valuable hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, more valuable ones. This process transforms heavy gas oils into lighter fuels that are in higher demand.
Step 2
To convert less useful fuel (molecules) to more useful fuel (molecules)
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The aim of catalytic cracking is to enhance the overall quality and utility of the fuel by converting less useful fractions of crude oil into more useful products, which have better combustion properties.
Step 3
Demand for gas oil not high compared to products of catalytic cracking
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There is generally a higher market demand for products resulting from catalytic cracking compared to gas oil. By increasing the production of these lighter fractions, refineries can better meet market needs.
Step 4
To get alkenes / to get raw materials for polymer industry
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Catalytic cracking also produces alkenes, which are essential feedstocks in the petrochemical industry, particularly for the manufacture of polymers and other chemicals.
Step 5
To increase octane number
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The process leads to an increase in the octane number of fuels, making them more suitable for use in high-performance engines. This enhances the fuel's efficiency and reduces knocking during combustion.
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