Copy into your answer book the structure of the ester shown and indicate clearly on your diagram a carbon atom which is in planar geometry in the molecule, and also a carbon atom which is in tetrahedral geometry in the molecule - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 7 - 2004
Question 7
Copy into your answer book the structure of the ester shown and indicate clearly on your diagram a carbon atom which is in planar geometry in the molecule, and also ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Copy into your answer book the structure of the ester shown and indicate clearly on your diagram a carbon atom which is in planar geometry in the molecule, and also a carbon atom which is in tetrahedral geometry in the molecule - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 7 - 2004
Step 1
Copy into your answer book the structure of the ester shown and indicate clearly on your diagram a carbon atom which is in planar geometry in the molecule, and also a carbon atom which is in tetrahedral geometry in the molecule.
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Answer
The structure of the ester is shown as follows:
O
||
H3C - C - O - CH3
|
CH3
The carbon atom involved in a double bond with oxygen (C=O) is planar due to sp² hybridization.
The carbon attached to the two methyl groups (CH3) is tetrahedral because it is sp³ hybridized.
Step 2
Give the names of the alcohol and of the carboxylic acid from which the ester shown in the diagram is synthesised. What organic reaction type describes this esterification reaction?
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Answer
The alcohol used in the synthesis is:
Methanol (Methyl alcohol)
The carboxylic acid used is:
Propanoic acid
The reaction type that describes this esterification is:
Substitution/condensation (dehydration reaction).
Step 3
Identify the alcohol from which the carboxylic acid is derived.
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Answer
The alcohol from which the carboxylic acid (propanoic acid) is derived is:
Propan-1-ol (1-propanol).
Step 4
Give the name and structure of the intermediate organic compound in this synthesis.
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Answer
The intermediate organic compound in this synthesis is:
Propanal (propionaldehyde)
Its structure can be represented as:
H H
| |
H--C--C=O
|
H
Step 5
Identify the type of organic reaction involved in each step.
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Answer
For the conversion of propan-1-ol to propanal, the type of organic reaction is:
Oxidation.
For the conversion of propanal to propanoic acid, the type is:
Oxidation (redox reaction).
Step 6
Identify the inorganic reagents which may be used in this synthesis.
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Answer
The inorganic reagents that may be used in the synthesis are:
Sodium dichromate (Na2Cr2O7) for oxidation to propanal.
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) for acidic conditions in the reactions.
Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) for further oxidation.
Step 7
State two common uses of esters.
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Answer
Two common uses of esters include:
As fragrances and flavorings in food and cosmetics.
As solvents in paints, varnishes, and adhesives.
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