Study the reaction scheme and answer the questions that follow - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 8 - 2021
Question 8
Study the reaction scheme and answer the questions that follow.
(i) Name the homologous series to which ethene (C2H4) belongs.
(ii) Draw the structure of an ethene ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Study the reaction scheme and answer the questions that follow - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 8 - 2021
Step 1
Name the homologous series to which ethene (C2H4) belongs.
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Answer
Ethene (C2H4) belongs to the homologous series of alkenes. Alkenes are characterized by having at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
Step 2
Draw the structure of an ethene molecule showing all of its atoms and bonds.
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Answer
An ethene molecule consists of two carbon atoms connected by a double bond and four hydrogen atoms attached. The structural formula is:
H H
\ /
C = C
/ \
H H
Step 3
Is the geometry around the carbon atoms in ethene planar or tetrahedral?
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The geometry around the carbon atoms in ethene is planar due to the presence of the double bond, which restricts rotation and results in a flat structure.
Step 4
Name the product X of the addition of H2 to ethene.
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Answer
The product X formed by the addition of H2 to ethene is ethane (C2H6).
Step 5
A and B are two other addition reactions of ethene. Identify the substance added to each in each case.
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A two common addition reactions of ethene are:
Hydrohalogenation: Ethene reacts with hydrogen bromide (HBr) to form bromoethane.
Hydration: Ethene reacts with water (H2O) in the presence of an acid catalyst to form ethanol.
Step 6
Name the reaction type involved when ethanol is converted to ethene using heated Al2O3.
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The reaction type involved is dehydration, which is the removal of water (H2O) from ethanol to produce ethene.
Step 7
Name Y which is made by polymerising ethene.
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Y, which is made by polymerising ethene, is polyethylene.
Step 8
Explain the underlined term.
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Answer
The term 'aromatic compound' refers to a class of compounds that have a conjugated pi electron system, typically characterized by their stability and unique reactivity due to resonance. Aromatic compounds are generally unreactive in addition reactions because their stable electron configurations do not favor the formation of new bonds.
Step 9
Draw the structure of a benzene molecule.
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The structure of a benzene molecule is represented as follows:
C
/ \
H C
| |
C - C
\ /
C
Benzene is often represented in a simplified form with a circle indicating the delocalized electrons:
_______
/ \
| |
\_______/
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