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Answer the questions (a) to (e) with reference to the compounds A, B and C: (a) Which one of the three compounds would you expect to be the least soluble in water? Give a reason for your answer - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 6 - 2022
Question 6
Answer the questions (a) to (e) with reference to the compounds A, B and C: (a) Which one of the three compounds would you expect to be the least soluble in water? ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Answer the questions (a) to (e) with reference to the compounds A, B and C: (a) Which one of the three compounds would you expect to be the least soluble in water? Give a reason for your answer - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 6 - 2022
Step 1
Which one of the three compounds would you expect to be the least soluble in water? Give a reason for your answer.
Answer
Compound A, C₃H₆ (propene), would be expected to be the least soluble in water. This is because it is non-polar and cannot form dipole-dipole (hydrogen) bonds with water. Water is polar, so it interacts with polar or ionic substances, while A does not have any polar functional groups to facilitate solubility.
Step 2
Give the IUPAC names of compounds A and C. Name both isomers of compound B. Name a compound that is a structural isomer of C.
Answer
The IUPAC name of compound A is propene (C₃H₆). The IUPAC name of compound C is propanal (C₃H₆O). The isomers of compound B (C₂H₅OH) include: 1-propanol and isopropanol. A structural isomer of compound C is propan-2-al (2-propanol).
Step 3
Step 4
Compound C can be synthesised from compound A in two steps, with one of the isomers of B as the product of the first step. Name suitable reagents for each of the steps.
Answer
The first step involves the oxidation of compound A (propene) to yield one of the isomers of B (e.g., using sulfuric acid, followed by hydrolysis). The second step involves the oxidation of one of the alcohol isomers (e.g., using dichromate(VI) in acidic medium).
Step 5