Study the reaction scheme below and answer the questions that follow - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 8 - 2022
Question 8
Study the reaction scheme below and answer the questions that follow.
C6H12O6 (glucose)
zymase
W
C2H5OH (ethanol)
X
C2HCHO (ethanal)
Y
C2HCOOH (ethano... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Study the reaction scheme below and answer the questions that follow - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 8 - 2022
Step 1
Explain the underlined term.
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Answer
The term 'enzyme' refers to a biological catalyst, which is a protein produced by living cells that accelerates chemical reactions within the body.
Step 2
Give a major use for ethanol, other than in alcoholic beverages.
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Answer
Ethanol is widely used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical or cosmetic industries, as well as a fuel additive to improve combustion efficiency.
Step 3
How many carbon atoms from the glucose molecule end up forming CO2?
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Answer
When one glucose molecule (C6H12O6) is broken down, it produces two ethanol molecules (C2H5OH), releasing two carbon atoms in the form of carbon dioxide (CO2).
Step 4
How many atoms, of which element, are lost when a molecule of ethanal is converted into a molecule of ethanol?
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Answer
Two hydrogen (H) atoms are gained in the conversion from ethanal to ethanol.
Step 5
Classify this reaction as an oxidation reaction or as a reduction reaction.
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Answer
This reaction is classified as a reduction reaction because the aldehyde (ethanal) gains hydrogen to become the alcohol (ethanol).
Step 6
How does the geometry around the carbon to which the oxygen is attached change as reaction X occurs?
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Answer
The geometry around the carbon changes from a planar arrangement in ethanal (trigonal planar) to a tetrahedral arrangement in ethanol.
Step 7
How many atoms, of which element, are gained when a molecule of ethanol is converted into a molecule of ethanoic acid?
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Answer
One oxygen (O) atom is gained during the conversion of ethanol into ethanoic acid.
Step 8
Classify this reaction as an oxidation reaction or as a reduction.
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Answer
This is classified as an oxidation reaction as the alcohol (ethanol) is transformed into a carboxylic acid (ethanoic acid) through the addition of oxygen.
Step 9
What colour change is observed during reaction Y?
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Answer
During reaction Y, the purple colour of the KMnO4 solution changes to colourless, indicating the reduction of manganese.
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