Define (i) oxidation, (ii) reduction, in terms of electron transfer - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 9 - 2012
Question 9
Define (i) oxidation, (ii) reduction, in terms of electron transfer.
Identify (i) the substance oxidised, (ii) the oxidising agent, in the reaction between sodium a... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Define (i) oxidation, (ii) reduction, in terms of electron transfer - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 9 - 2012
Step 1
Define (i) oxidation, (ii) reduction, in terms of electron transfer.
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Answer
Oxidation is defined as the loss of electrons by a substance. In contrast, reduction is defined as the gain of electrons by a substance.
Step 2
Identify (i) the substance oxidised, (ii) the oxidising agent, in the reaction between sodium and chlorine to produce sodium chloride.
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Answer
In the reaction
Na+Cl2→NaCl,
the substance oxidised is sodium (Na) and the oxidising agent is chlorine (Cl_2).
Step 3
Name the type of chemical bond that exists between the chlorine atoms in a chlorine molecule.
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Answer
The type of chemical bond that exists between the chlorine atoms in a chlorine molecule is a covalent bond.
An example of another molecule having this type of bond is fluorine (F_2).
Step 4
State two properties of substances having this type of bond.
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Two properties of substances with covalent bonds are:
They often have low melting and boiling points.
Many are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.
Step 5
What type of bonding occurs in sodium chloride?
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Sodium chloride exhibits ionic bonding.
Step 6
Give one other example of a compound having this type of bonding.
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Another example of a compound with ionic bonding is lithium chloride (LiCl).
Step 7
Describe what you would observe when a small piece of sodium is put in a dish of water.
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When a small piece of sodium is placed in water, it reacts vigorously, forming sodium hydroxide. You would observe that the sodium:
floats on the surface of the water.
fizzes and may produce a small spark or flash due to the reaction.
Step 8
Name one product of the reaction that occurs.
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Answer
One product of the reaction is sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
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