Refer to page 79 of the Formulae and Tables booklet when answering this question. In the periodic table of the elements, what term is used for the elements (i) in the same vertical column, (ii) in the same horizontal row? (iii) Identify a metallic element whose atoms have the same number of main energy levels occupied by electrons as boron (B). (iv) When Mendeleev published his first periodic table in 1869 the elements were arranged in order of atomic weight (or relative atomic mass). How are the elements ordered in the modern periodic table? (v) The element germanium (Ge) had not been discovered when Mendeleev published his first periodic table but he was able to predict its existence and its properties. How did Mendeleev know what properties the undiscovered germanium could be expected to have?

Leaving Cert Chemistry Periodic Table: Refer to page 79 of the Formulae

Refer to page 79 of the Formulae and Tables booklet when answering this question - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question (a) - 2021

Question (a)

Refer to page 79 of the Formulae and Tables booklet when answering this question. In the periodic table of the elements, what term is used for the elements (i) in t... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Refer to page 79 of the Formulae and Tables booklet when answering this question - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question (a) - 2021

Step 1

What term is used for the elements in the same vertical column?

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Answer

The term used for the elements that are in the same vertical column of the periodic table is 'group'. Elements within the same group typically exhibit similar chemical properties due to their similar valence electron configuration.

Step 2

What term is used for the elements in the same horizontal row?

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Answer

The term used for the elements that are in the same horizontal row of the periodic table is 'period'. Elements within the same period demonstrate increasing atomic numbers and varying properties.

Step 3

Identify a metallic element whose atoms have the same number of main energy levels occupied by electrons as boron (B).

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Answer

An example of a metallic element that has the same number of main energy levels as boron (atomic number 5) is aluminum (Al), which has three main energy levels occupied by electrons.

Step 4

How are the elements ordered in the modern periodic table?

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Answer

In the modern periodic table, elements are ordered by increasing atomic number rather than atomic weight. This arrangement leads to a clearer organization of elements based on their electronic structure and properties.

Step 5

How did Mendeleev know what properties the undiscovered germanium could be expected to have?

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Answer

Mendeleev was able to predict the properties of undiscovered elements, such as germanium, by observing trends in the properties of known elements in similar groups. He noted patterns in their atomic masses and chemical behaviors, allowing him to make educated predictions about the properties of yet-to-be-discovered elements.

Refer to page 79 of the Formulae and Tables booklet when answering this question - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question (a) - 2021

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Refer to page 79 of the Formulae and Tables booklet when answering this question - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question (a) - 2021

What term is used for the elements in the same vertical column?

What term is used for the elements in the same horizontal row?

Identify a metallic element whose atoms have the same number of main energy levels occupied by electrons as boron (B).

How are the elements ordered in the modern periodic table?

How did Mendeleev know what properties the undiscovered germanium could be expected to have?

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