Study the table of information below about the element carbon and answer the questions that follow - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 5 - 2020
Question 5
Study the table of information below about the element carbon and answer the questions that follow.
Element Symbol
Naturally occurring isotopes carbon–12 carbon–... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Study the table of information below about the element carbon and answer the questions that follow - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 5 - 2020
Step 1
Define the underlined term.
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Answer
The atomic number is defined as the number of protons in the atoms of an element.
Step 2
Name the location within a carbon atom of its protons.
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Answer
The protons are located in the nucleus of the carbon atom.
Step 3
Name the location within a carbon atom of its electrons.
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Answer
The electrons are located in the electron cloud or shells outside the nucleus.
Step 4
Name the location within a carbon atom of most of its mass.
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Answer
Most of the mass of a carbon atom is concentrated in its nucleus.
Step 5
Why is most of the mass of a carbon atom concentrated at one location within the atom?
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Most of the mass is concentrated in the nucleus because protons and neutrons have much greater mass than electrons, and both protons and neutrons each have a mass of about 1 amu.
Step 6
Why are all carbon atoms electrically neutral?
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Carbon atoms are electrically neutral because they contain equal numbers of positive protons and negative electrons.
Step 7
What are the isotopes?
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The naturally occurring isotopes of carbon are carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14.
Step 8
How many neutrons are there in an atom of carbon–13?
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An atom of carbon-13 has 7 neutrons.
Step 9
How many neutrons are there in an atom of carbon–14?
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An atom of carbon-14 has 8 neutrons.
Step 10
What is the relative atomic mass of the element carbon?
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Answer
The relative atomic mass of carbon, correct to two decimal places, is 12.01.
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