Ethanol is broken down in the human body as shown in the scheme on the right - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 8 - 2017
Question 8
Ethanol is broken down in the human body as shown in the scheme on the right.
draw the structure of an ethanol molecule.
Circle its functional group.
Explain why ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Ethanol is broken down in the human body as shown in the scheme on the right - Leaving Cert Chemistry - Question 8 - 2017
Step 1
Draw the structure of an ethanol molecule.
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Answer
The structure of an ethanol molecule can be depicted as:
H H
\ /
C
/ \
H OH
Here we have a two-carbon chain with a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group attached to the second carbon.
Step 2
Circle its functional group.
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Answer
In the structure of ethanol, the functional group is the hydroxyl group (-OH). This can be visually represented by circling the -OH in the structure.
Step 3
Explain why ethanol is very soluble in water.
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Answer
Ethanol is very soluble in water due to its polar nature. The presence of the hydroxyl (-OH) group allows ethanol to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This interaction is crucial because 'like dissolves like', meaning that polar solvents such as water can effectively dissolve other polar substances like ethanol.
Step 4
To which homologous series does ethanol belong?
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Answer
Ethanol belongs to the alcohol homologous series.
Step 5
Which of the compounds ethanol, ethanoic acid, and ethanoic acid is found in vinegar?
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Answer
i) Ethanoic acid is found in vinegar.
Step 6
Which of the compounds ethanol, ethanoic acid, and ethanoic acid produces a red precipitate when heated with blue Fehlings' reagent?
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Answer
ii) Ethanol produces a red precipitate when heated with blue Fehlings' reagent.
Step 7
Which of the compounds ethanol, ethanoic acid, and ethanoic acid results in fizzing when magnesium metal is added to a solution of it in cold water?
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iii) Ethanoic acid results in fizzing when magnesium metal is added to a solution of it in cold water.
Step 8
Name or give the formula of a reagent that could be oxidised to a sample of ethanol in the school laboratory.
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Answer
Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) can be used as a reagent that could be oxidised to oxidise a sample of ethanol in the school laboratory.
Step 9
Select one of the following instrumental methods of analysis that can be used to detect ethanol in a blood sample: colorimetry, carbon-14 dating, gas chromatography (GC), mass spectrometry.
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Answer
Gas chromatography (GC) is an instrumental method that can be used to detect ethanol in a blood sample.
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