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The sketch shows the proposed design of a Passive House which is to be constructed in a rural setting - Leaving Cert Construction Studies - Question 10 - 2022
Question 10
The sketch shows the proposed design of a Passive House which is to be constructed in a rural setting. (a) Discuss in detail three benefits to the occupants of cons... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The sketch shows the proposed design of a Passive House which is to be constructed in a rural setting - Leaving Cert Construction Studies - Question 10 - 2022
Step 1
Discuss in detail three benefits to the occupants of considering the orientation of a house at the design stage.
Answer
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Increase Comfort through Solar Gain: Proper orientation allows for optimal sunlight exposure, enhancing comfort by utilizing natural heat during winter, reducing dependency on artificial heating.
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Reduce Heating and Cooling Needs: By maximizing light and warmth from the sun, a well-oriented house minimizes energy requirements for heating in colder months and cooling in warmer months, leading to lower utility costs.
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Planning for Views and Privacy: Orientation helps create pleasant views while maintaining privacy. For example, positioning windows to overlook scenic landscapes while avoiding direct sightlines to busy streets or neighboring properties.
These benefits contribute to enhanced living conditions and energy efficiency, ultimately creating a more sustainable living environment.
Step 2
Using notes and freehand sketches, suggest a preferred orientation for the house shown. On your sketch include the sun path and discuss how your preferred orientation ensures the optimal thermal performance of the house.
Answer
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Preferred Orientation: The house should be oriented to face south or southwest to maximize solar gain. This orientation allows longer sun exposure during the day, especially during winter, while minimizing overheating in the summer.
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Sun Path Analysis: Sketching the sun path, highlight how the sun travels from east to west with a higher trajectory in the summer. This alignment allows for winter sunlight to enter large south-facing windows, while the overhangs can providing shade in the summer months.
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Thermal Performance: This orientation ensures that the house maintains a comfortable internal temperature year-round, reducing the need for mechanical heating and cooling solutions, thus promoting energy efficiency.
Step 3
Discuss the importance of thermal mass and show two ways in which thermal mass could be incorporated into the house shown. Suggest a material choice for each, and justify your choices.
Answer
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Importance of Thermal Mass: Thermal mass is crucial for maintaining consistent indoor temperatures. Materials with high thermal mass absorb heat during the day and release it during cooler nights, thereby minimizing temperature fluctuations and enhancing comfort.
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Ways to Incorporate Thermal Mass:
- Flooring Choice: Use concrete or stone floors, which can absorb heat from sunlight and retain it, then release it slowly after the sun sets, keeping the house warmer in the evening.
- Wall Structures: Incorporate thick brick walls that can store heat. Brick has a high thermal mass and can stabilize indoor temperatures by absorbing heat during the day.
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Material Justification:
- Concrete: Durable and effective in heat retention, concrete helps in minimizing energy costs over time.
- Brick: A natural and sustainable choice that enhances insulation while providing aesthetic appeal. Both materials have long service lives and require minimal maintenance.