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10. (a) Using notes and freehand sketches, discuss in detail the importance of any two of the following in the design of a Passive House: • shape and form of the house • continuity of insulation • reduced thermal/cold bridging - Leaving Cert Construction Studies - Question 10 - 2010
Question 10
10. (a) Using notes and freehand sketches, discuss in detail the importance of any two of the following in the design of a Passive House: • shape and form of ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:10. (a) Using notes and freehand sketches, discuss in detail the importance of any two of the following in the design of a Passive House: • shape and form of the house • continuity of insulation • reduced thermal/cold bridging - Leaving Cert Construction Studies - Question 10 - 2010
Step 1
Using notes and freehand sketches, discuss in detail the importance of any two of the following in the design of a Passive House: shape and form of the house
Answer
The shape and form of a Passive House are crucial for maximizing energy efficiency. A deep plan with a south-facing orientation is beneficial as it allows for maximum solar gain, utilizing large glazing areas, especially on the south side. This design should ideally create an open floor plan that facilitates both natural light and ventilation, reducing the need for artificial lighting and heating.
Additionally, an optimal roof pitch, generally around 45 degrees, helps maximize the efficiency of solar panels, thereby enhancing energy generation. Multi-use spaces, such as combined kitchen and living areas, can also reduce the overall volume of the house while maintaining comfort in terms of both lighting and thermal energy. Overall, a well-considered shape and form contribute to minimizing energy consumption in a Passive House.
Step 2
Using notes and freehand sketches, discuss in detail the importance of any two of the following in the design of a Passive House: continuity of insulation
Answer
Continuity of insulation plays a vital role in maintaining a uniform thermal environment within a Passive House. A rigid insulation layer should extend continuously from the exterior walls down to the foundation, ensuring that thermal bridges are minimized, which can significantly enhance energy performance.
Moreover, insulation continuity at critical points, such as around windows and where walls meet the floor, is essential to reduce heat loss. For example, triple-glazed windows with thermal breaks help minimize cold bridges, further contributing to the house's insulating properties. An uninterrupted insulation layer not only enhances energy efficiency but also improves indoor comfort.
Step 3
Explain, using notes and freehand sketches, the operating principles of such a system and discuss two advantages of this system for a Passive House.
Answer
The Mechanical Heat Recovery Ventilation (MHRV) system in a Passive House operates by removing stale air from areas like kitchens and bathrooms and exchanging heat with incoming fresh air. This system pre-heats the incoming air, reducing the need for heating energy, and maintains a comfortable indoor climate.
Two advantages of the MHRV system are:
- Energy Savings: Up to 93% of the heat from the exhaust air is recovered, which significantly lowers heating costs and reduces overall energy consumption.
- Improved Air Quality: The system filters out allergens and pollutants from incoming air, ensuring a healthier living environment while providing a constant flow of fresh air.
Step 4
Show, using notes and freehand sketches, two design details that would help prevent the possible overheating of a Passive House in summer.
Answer
To prevent overheating in a Passive House during summer, two effective design details can be implemented:
- Brise Soleil: This architectural feature consists of extended soffits and overhangs designed to shade windows from direct sunlight, thus reducing heat gain while allowing indirect natural light in.
- Strategic Window Placement and Treatments: Using blinds or light-colored reflective materials on windows can reduce the heat intake from sunlight. Openings and windows should be positioned to facilitate cross-ventilation, allowing cool air to flow through the house during warmer days, effectively enhancing thermal comfort.