In April 2011 the CSO conducted a Census of Population at an estimated cost of €60m - Leaving Cert Economics - Question 8 - 2011

The term 'Census of Population' refers to the official counting of a country's population, which is conducted periodically. It provides comprehensive data on the demographic characteristics of the population, such as age, gender, and occupation, which can inform government policy and planning.

Businesses can use the data collected from the Census of Population to forecast future levels of consumer demand. By understanding demographics, businesses can tailor their products and services to meet the needs of the population more effectively.

Local governments can utilize the Census data to plan for future resource allocation by assessing the needs of various community services such as public transport, education, and recreational facilities based on population growth or decline.

The Central Government can use the Census of Population data for infrastructural planning and funding. It helps in making decisions regarding national budgets, allocation of resources, and policy formation at a macro level.

One reason for increasing the retirement age is to reduce the costs for the government related to pensions for older people. As the population ages, a higher retirement age allows older individuals to continue contributing to the economy, thereby reducing the financial burden on the government in terms of pension liabilities.

One possible effect on the Irish Labour Market is that retaining older employees may slow down youth employment as older workers remain in the workforce longer. This could lead to increased competition for jobs among various age groups.

An increase in the retirement age may lead to increased spending by older workers who remain employed longer, as they would have more disposable income. This could stimulate demand for goods and services, benefitting the economy.

Economic development refers to an increase in the income standard of living or GDP per capita accompanied by a change in the structure of society. It focuses on improving the economic and social well-being of people.

1. Reduced standard of living: With less financial aid, essential services such as healthcare and education may suffer, leading to a decline in the overall quality of life for citizens.

2. Increased poverty rates: With reduced investment in infrastructure and social services, more families may fall below the poverty line, exacerbating existing disparities in LDCs.

1. Promote population control: Implement measures to manage population growth effectively, which can help improve resource availability and quality of life.

2. Improve basic infrastructure: Governments can invest in critical infrastructure, such as healthcare and education, to enhance the standard of living and encourage economic growth.