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Earthquakes (i) Name two examples of different locations where earthquakes have occurred - Leaving Cert Geography - Question B - 2017
Question B
Earthquakes (i) Name two examples of different locations where earthquakes have occurred. (ii) Name a scale used to measure the force of an earthquake. (iii) Expl... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Earthquakes (i) Name two examples of different locations where earthquakes have occurred - Leaving Cert Geography - Question B - 2017
Step 1
Name two examples of different locations where earthquakes have occurred.
Answer
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Japan - Notable for the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake, which had a magnitude of 9.0 and caused widespread devastation.
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Chile - Known for the 2010 Maule earthquake, which also had a magnitude of 8.8 and caused significant damage and tsunamis.
Step 2
Step 3
Explain how earthquakes occur and describe their main effects.
Answer
Earthquakes occur as a result of the sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere, which creates seismic waves. This release of energy is often due to the movement of tectonic plates along faults. When stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an earthquake that results in ground shaking.
The main effects of earthquakes include:
- Ground shaking, which can cause buildings and bridges to collapse, resulting in loss of life and property.
- Surface rupture, where the ground breaks at the surface along a fault line.
- Secondary effects such as tsunamis, landslides, and aftershocks can further increase damage and risk.