Examine the table above and answer each of the following questions - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 9a - 2021

The gross national income per capita for Australia in 2018 was 44,097 US$.

The two countries with the lowest life expectancy at birth in 2018 were Mali (58.9 years) and Mexico (76.4 years).

To find the difference between the gross national income per capita in Ireland and Mexico:

1. Gross national income per capita in Ireland: 55,660 US$
2. Gross national income per capita in Mexico: 17,628 US$
3. Difference: ext{Difference} = 55,660 - 17,628 = 38,032 ext{ US$}

Therefore, the difference in gross national income per capita is 38,032 US$.

Two reasons why some countries have a higher Human Development Index value than others include:

1. Access to Education: Countries with better access to quality education tend to have higher HDI values as education influences personal development and economic growth.
2. Economic Stability: Stronger economies with higher gross national income per capita enable countries to invest in healthcare, education, and infrastructure, contributing to a higher HDI.

One significant factor influencing life expectancy is healthcare access. Regions with extensive healthcare systems provide better services and preventive care, leading to lower mortality rates and increased life expectancy. For instance, vaccinations, regular check-ups, and access to medications significantly contribute to better health outcomes.