Examine the effectiveness of urban planning strategies with reference to example(s) that you have studied. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 1 - 2020

Curitiba is often cited as a model of sustainable urban planning. The city implemented strategies like an efficient bus rapid transit system and extensive green spaces that promote public transportation usage and reduce dependence on cars.

The effectiveness of Curitiba's sustainable development strategies can be examined through various aspects:

1. Reduced Traffic Congestion: The bus rapid transit system significantly reduced traffic congestion by providing an accessible and efficient public transport option. Prior to its implementation, traffic in Curitiba was often chaotic, but with dedicated bus lanes, commuter capacity increased dramatically.

2. Environmental Benefits: Extensive green spaces have helped improve air quality and enhance biodiversity in urban areas. The availability of parks contributes to healthier urban living by promoting outdoor activities.

3. Social Inclusion: Curitiba's public transport system is affordable and accessible, which promotes social inclusion by allowing low-income populations to reach employment and schooling opportunities.

4. Economic Growth: By prioritizing sustainable practices, Curitiba has attracted investment and developed a robust economy. The emphasis on integrated urban planning has stimulated local businesses and tourism.

While these strategies show high effectiveness, challenges such as maintenance of public transport infrastructure and equitable access to resources remain. Continuous evaluation and adaptation of these strategies are vital to sustain their effectiveness over time.