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Describe and explain why the characteristics of climate change over time. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 22 - 2010
Question 22
Describe and explain why the characteristics of climate change over time.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Describe and explain why the characteristics of climate change over time. - Leaving Cert Geography - Question 22 - 2010
Step 1
Identify and describe aspects of climate change
Answer
Climate change is characterized by several aspects that evolve over time. One significant characteristic is the rise in average global temperatures. Over the past century, the Earth’s average temperature has increased due to the enhanced greenhouse effect caused by human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.
Another aspect is the change in precipitation patterns. Increased evaporation leads to more intense rainfall in some areas while causing droughts in others, changing ecosystems and agricultural productivity.
Lastly, the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and heatwaves, have increased. This shift is attributed to the altered climate dynamics, creating more severe and unpredictable weather conditions.
Step 2
Explain the reasons for changes in climate characteristics
Answer
The characteristics of climate change over time can be explained by a combination of natural processes and human influences. Natural factors such as volcanic eruptions and variations in solar radiation can lead to temporary climate shifts. However, the most significant changes over the past century have been driven by anthropogenic causes, particularly the release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) like carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere.
As these gases trap heat in the atmosphere, they enhance the greenhouse effect, leading to global warming. Additionally, feedback loops, such as melting ice reducing the Earth's albedo (reflectivity), further accelerate temperature increases. The resultant climatic changes not only alter weather patterns but also impact global ecosystems and human societies, necessitating urgent responses to mitigate their effects.